"School psychologists are uniquely qualified members of school teams that support students' ability to learn and teachers' ability to teach. They apply expertise in mental health, learning, and behavior, to help children and youth succeed academically, socially, behaviorally, and emotionally." 
-NASP

Attention:

• 3 years of age - Attends to key aspects of an object or situation. Attends to amount. Looks for casual mechanisms to figure out how they work.

• 4 years of age - Pays attention to special visual, auditory, tactile aspects of objects/situations. Attends to degree of difference (organizes by size, shape).

• 5 years of age - Attends to the orientation of objects, letters, pictures. Attends to long stories when read, especially w/pictures.

• 6 years of age - Maintains attention through complex problem solving. Attends stories without pictures.

Memory:

• 3 years of age - Remembers visual landmarks and fingerplays. Uses fingers to count to aid memory. Sings simple songs and rhymes. Can remember events up to 18 months in the past.

• 4 years of age - Remembers 1 of several items shown and then hidden. Repeats 4 or more-word sentences. Creates dramatic play based on pieces of remembers events/stories. Recalls 1-2 elements of a story that was just read.

• 5 years of age - Gives detailed descriptions of past events. Recite verses, short passages, songs. Retells the main events of an unfamiliar story. Is aware of strategies to help remember things, such as repeating words.

• 6 years of age - Uses several strategies to aid memory (repeats to self, leaves a clue to remind, organizes objects), remembers rules of board games, physical games. Remembers a large number of songs, details of books/movies.

Problem Solving:

• 3 years of age - Systematically takes objects apart. Understands "why" and "how" questions. Tries alternatives when 1st solution doesn't work. Talks about how to solve a problem while working on it. Can put together a 4–5-piece puzzle.

• 4 years of age - Puts things together. Organizes toys based on relationship to each other. Understands what to do in specific situations. Puts complex puzzles together (8-12 pieces). Categorizes by size, type, color, and shape.

• 5 years of age - Uses "rules" and understanding rather than perceptions to figure out how to solve problems.

• 6 years of age - Makes a plan to solve a problem, monitors progress toward a goal, changes approach as needed, and evaluates outcome. Uses literacy materials to solve a problem. Uses numerical reasoning to solve problems.

Social cognition:

• 3 years of age - Realizes others' needs may be different from their own. May show signs of guild when he/she hurts another child. Can distinguish between happy emotions better than negative. 

• 4 years of age - Describes own feelings. Is aware of peoples wants, feelings, and perceptions. Can differentiate others' point of view and own. Can do "if-then" with regards to others.

• 5 years of age - Considers others' thoughts, imagination, knowledge. Makes inferences about the motivation of others. Plans how to influence others' goals. Compares and negotiates ideas with others in play. Deceives or plays tricks on others.

• 6 years of age - Thinks about multiple characters; their actions, beliefs, and behaviors; and their influence on each other. 

Complexity of play:

• 3 years of age - Likes to play with small items. Enjoys music, dance, and role playing. Acts out pretend play with others. Plays through a sequence of events in common routines.

• 4 years of age - Builds, constructs enclosures. Performs play rituals. Prefers play with peers to play with adults. Builds 3-D block structures. Plays group games.

• 5 years of age - Plays board games but may change the rules. Has play rituals with peers. Creates elaborate socio-dramatic play. Makes costumes up. Likes chase games.

• 6 years of age - Creates and acts out own stories. Performs for others. Likes card and board games. Likes structured outdoor games and sports.

-Linder, T. W. (2008). Transdisciplinary play-based assessment (2nd ed.). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Pub.